How Uterine Fibroids Affect Women’s Health: Key Symptoms and When to Seek Treatment

What Are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that form in or on the uterus. Many women develop these growths during their childbearing years. Although fibroids are common, not everyone has symptoms. However, some women may notice changes in their health. According to the CDC, up to 80% of women may have fibroids by age 50. Because fibroids are usually not cancer, they are often not dangerous. Still, they can cause discomfort or other problems for some women.

Common Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

Many women with uterine fibroids do not have symptoms. Yet, when symptoms do appear, they can affect daily life. For example, you might notice changes in your period or feel pain. Here are some common signs:

Heavy or long periods

Pain or pressure in the lower belly

Frequent need to urinate

Feeling full in the lower stomach

Pain during sex

Lower back pain

Constipation

Trouble getting pregnant

However, these symptoms can also be caused by other health issues. So, it’s important to talk to your doctor if you notice any changes.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors do not know the exact cause of uterine fibroids. Still, several factors may increase your risk. For instance, hormones like estrogen and progesterone help fibroids grow. In addition, family history plays a role. If your mother or sister had fibroids, you may be more likely to get them. Other risk factors include:

Being between ages 30 and 50

Being overweight

Eating a lot of red meat

Not eating enough fruits and vegetables

Starting your period at a young age

Having high blood pressure

Although these factors can raise your risk, anyone can develop fibroids.

How Uterine Fibroids Are Diagnosed

If you have symptoms, your doctor may check for uterine fibroids. First, they will ask about your health and symptoms. Next, a pelvic exam helps them feel for any lumps or changes. However, to confirm the diagnosis, your doctor may order tests. Common tests include:

Ultrasound: This test uses sound waves to create images of your uterus.

MRI: This scan gives detailed pictures of fibroids and their size.

Blood tests: These check for anemia caused by heavy periods.

Hysteroscopy: A thin tube with a camera looks inside your uterus.

Because symptoms can be similar to other problems, these tests help your doctor find the right cause. If you wonder, “How are uterine fibroids diagnosed?” these are the main steps.

Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids

Treatment for uterine fibroids depends on your symptoms, age, and plans for pregnancy. Some women do not need treatment if they have no symptoms. However, if fibroids cause problems, your doctor may suggest:

Medicines: These can help control pain or heavy bleeding. For example, birth control pills or hormone therapy may help.

Non-surgical procedures: Uterine artery embolization blocks blood flow to fibroids, causing them to shrink.

Surgery: Myomectomy removes only the fibroids, while hysterectomy removes the uterus. Surgery is usually for severe cases.

Other options: MRI-guided ultrasound uses sound waves to destroy fibroids without cuts.

Because each woman is different, your doctor will help you choose the best treatment for you.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention

While you cannot always prevent uterine fibroids, healthy habits may lower your risk. For instance, eating more fruits and vegetables can help. In addition, keeping a healthy weight is important. Here are some tips:

Eat a balanced diet with lots of fiber

Limit red meat and processed foods

Exercise regularly

Manage stress

See your doctor for regular check-ups

Although these steps may not stop fibroids, they support your overall health.

When to See a Doctor

It is important to know when to get medical help. If you have heavy periods, pain, or trouble getting pregnant, see your doctor. Also, if you notice sudden changes in your health, do not wait. Early care can help you feel better and prevent problems. Remember, only a doctor can diagnose and treat uterine fibroids.

If you have questions or concerns about uterine fibroids, consult a gynecologist for personalized advice.